What is L in [QSA, L] in htaccess
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16468098/what-is-l-in-qsa-l-in-htaccess
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https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16468098/what-is-l-in-qsa-l-in-htaccess
Last updated
Asked 9 years, 11 months agoModified 1 year, 2 months agoViewed 107k times85
QSA means that if there's a query string passed with the original URL, it will be appended to the rewrite (olle?p=1 will be rewritten as index.php?url=olle&p=1.
L means if the rule matches, don't process any more RewriteRules below this one.
Hi, what are some easy examples to explain the use of L? I can't seem to grasp this explanation above. Any help will be highly appreciated. Thanks.
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Check this link: httpd.apache.org/docs/current/rewrite/flags.html#flag_qsa – Jo Smo Aug 7, 2014 at 18:06
QSA flag in mod_rewrite : helponnet.com/2021/04/27/htaccess-qsa-flag – Amit Verma Jul 18, 2021 at 5:06
Sorted by: Highest score (default) Trending (recent votes count more) Date modified (newest first) Date created (oldest first) 124
C (chained with next rule)
CO=cookie (set specified cookie)
E=var:value (set environment variable var to value)
F (forbidden - sends a 403 header to the user)
G (gone - no longer exists)
H=handler (set handler)
L (last - stop processing rules)
Last rule: instructs the server to stop rewriting after the preceding directive is processed.
N (next - continue processing rules)
NC (case insensitive)
NE (do not escape special URL characters in output)
NS (ignore this rule if the request is a subrequest)
P (proxy - i.e., apache should grab the remote content specified in the substitution section and return it)
PT (pass through - use when processing URLs with additional handlers, e.g., mod_alias)
R (temporary redirect to new URL)
R=301 (permanent redirect to new URL)
QSA (append query string from request to substituted URL)
S=x (skip next x rules)
T=mime-type (force specified mime type)
Flags are added to the end of a rewrite rule to tell Apache how to interpret and handle the rule. They can be used to tell apache to treat the rule as case-insensitive, to stop processing rules if the current one matches, or a variety of other options. They are comma-separated, and contained in square brackets.
2You got my +1, but for a perfect answer, it would be nice to provide a link to Apache's official resources, e.g. httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html#RewriteRule (or wherever your reference was) – Gwyneth Llewelyn Jul 26, 2022 at 16:27
The QSA flag means to append an existing query string after the URI has been rewritten. Example:
URL=http://example.com/foo/bar?q=blah
Rule:
Result=/index.php?b=bar
Notice how the q=blah is gone. Because the existing query string is dropped in favor of the one in the rule's target, (b=$1). Now if you include a QSA flag:
The result becomes=/index.php?b=bar&q=blah
The L flag simply means to stop applying any rules that follow. Given the same URL, http://example.com/foo/bar?q=blah, and given the rules:
The first rule gets applied and the URI gets passed through unchanged (via the - target). The rewrite engine then processes the next rule, and the URI gets rewritten to /bar.php?z=foo/bar. What happens when you add an L to the end:
The URL http://example.com/foo/bar gets passed through untouched from the first rule, then stops because of the L flag. If the URL is http://example.com/something/else then the first rule doesn't match and the second rule gets applied, rewriting the URI to: /bar.php?z=something/else
Note that since the rewrite engine loops through all the rules until the URI stops changing, the L flag will not prevent the looping, only any further rules from getting applied in the current iteration.
QSA replaces ? to &, making it impossible to distinguish between /page&foobar vs /page?foobar. How can I stop QSA from replacing ? to &? – Pacerier Sep 27, 2017 at 6:06
@Pacerier if you need to encode the query string in the new query string, then you may want to look into using the %{QUERY_STRING} variable instead of using QSA – Jon Lin Sep 27, 2017 at 14:32
Example of [L,QSA]
Before: https://example.com/index.php?user=robert
After: https://example.com/user/robert?query=value
You can also use other query too.
Like: robert?query=value&query2=value2&query3=value3
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ShareImprove this answerFollowedited Aug 30, 2016 at 10:54answered Aug 30, 2016 at 10:39Smit Patadiya1,38811 gold badge88 silver badges66 bronze badges
ShareImprove this answerFollowanswered May 9, 2013 at 18:32Jon Lin141k2929 gold badges216216 silver badges218218 bronze badges
