What is L in [QSA, L] in htaccess

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16468098/what-is-l-in-qsa-l-in-htaccess

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What is L in [QSA, L] in htaccess

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16468098/what-is-l-in-qsa-l-in-htaccess

Asked 9 years, 11 months agoModified Viewed 107k times85

QSA means that if there's a query string passed with the original URL, it will be appended to the rewrite (olle?p=1 will be rewritten as index.php?url=olle&p=1.
L means if the rule matches, don't process any more RewriteRules below this one.

Hi, what are some easy examples to explain the use of L? I can't seem to grasp this explanation above. Any help will be highly appreciated. Thanks.

Followasked May 9, 2013 at 18:0088911 gold badge77 silver badges55 bronze badges

Check this link: –
QSA flag in mod_rewrite : –

3 Answers

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.htaccess flag list

C (chained with next rule)
CO=cookie (set specified cookie)
E=var:value (set environment variable var to value)
F (forbidden - sends a 403 header to the user)
G (gone - no longer exists)
H=handler (set handler)
L (last - stop processing rules)

Last rule: instructs the server to stop rewriting after the preceding directive is processed.

N (next - continue processing rules)
NC (case insensitive)
NE (do not escape special URL characters in output)
NS (ignore this rule if the request is a subrequest)
P (proxy - i.e., apache should grab the remote content specified in the substitution section and return it)
PT (pass through - use when processing URLs with additional handlers, e.g., mod_alias)
R (temporary redirect to new URL)
R=301 (permanent redirect to new URL)
QSA (append query string from request to substituted URL)
S=x (skip next x rules)
T=mime-type (force specified mime type)

Flags are added to the end of a rewrite rule to tell Apache how to interpret and handle the rule. They can be used to tell apache to treat the rule as case-insensitive, to stop processing rules if the current one matches, or a variety of other options. They are comma-separated, and contained in square brackets.

The QSA flag means to append an existing query string after the URI has been rewritten. Example:

URL=http://example.com/foo/bar?q=blah

Rule:

RewriteRule ^foo/(.*)$ /index.php?b=$1

Result=/index.php?b=bar

Notice how the q=blah is gone. Because the existing query string is dropped in favor of the one in the rule's target, (b=$1). Now if you include a QSA flag:

RewriteRule ^foo/(.*)$ /index.php?b=$1 [QSA]

The result becomes=/index.php?b=bar&q=blah

The L flag simply means to stop applying any rules that follow. Given the same URL, http://example.com/foo/bar?q=blah, and given the rules:

RewriteRule ^foo - 

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/bar.php
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /bar.php?z=$1

The first rule gets applied and the URI gets passed through unchanged (via the - target). The rewrite engine then processes the next rule, and the URI gets rewritten to /bar.php?z=foo/bar. What happens when you add an L to the end:

RewriteRule ^foo - [L]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/bar.php
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /bar.php?z=$1

The URL http://example.com/foo/bar gets passed through untouched from the first rule, then stops because of the L flag. If the URL is http://example.com/something/else then the first rule doesn't match and the second rule gets applied, rewriting the URI to: /bar.php?z=something/else

Note that since the rewrite engine loops through all the rules until the URI stops changing, the L flag will not prevent the looping, only any further rules from getting applied in the current iteration.

Example of [L,QSA]

Before: https://example.com/index.php?user=robert

RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^user/([^/]+)?$ index.php?user=$1 [L,QSA]

After: https://example.com/user/robert?query=value

You can also use other query too.

Like: robert?query=value&query2=value2&query3=value3

PreviousFile .htaccess là gì, Hướng dẫn cách dùng file .htaccess toàn tập

Last updated 2 years ago

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